Image Cropper On Ember JS Open Event Frontend

In Open Event Front-end, we have a profile page for every user who is signed in where they can edit their personal details and profile picture. To provide better control over profile editing to the user, we need an image cropper which allows the user to crop the image before uploading it as their profile picture. For this purpose, we are using a plugin called Croppie. Let us see how we configure Croppie in the Ember JS front-end to serve our purpose.

All the configuration related to Croppie lies in a model called cropp-model.js.

 onVisible() {
    this.$('.content').css('height', '300px');
    this.$('img').croppie({
      customClass : 'croppie',
      viewport    : {
        width  : 400,
        height : 200,
        type   : 'square'
      },
      boundary: {
        width  : 600,
        height : 300
      }
    });
  },

  onHide() {
    this.$('img').croppie('destroy');
    const $img = this.$('img');
    if ($img.parent().is('div.croppie')) {
      $img.unwrap();
    }
  },

  actions: {
    resetImage() {
      this.onHide();
      this.onVisible();
    },
    cropImage() {
      this.$('img').croppie('result', 'base64', 'original', 'jpeg').then(result => {
        if (this.get('onImageCrop')) {
          this.onImageCrop(result);
        }
      });
    }

There are two functions: onVisible() and onHide(), which are called every time when we hit reset button in our image cropper model.

  • When a user pushes reset button, the onHide() function fires first which basically destroys a croppie instance and removes it from the DOM.
  • onVisible(), which fires next, sets the height of the content div. This content div contains our viewport and zoom control. We also add a customClass of croppie to the container in case we are required to add some custom styling. Next, we set the dimensions and the type of viewport which should be equal to the dimensions of the cropped image. We define type of cropper as ‘square’ (available choices are ‘square’ and ‘circle’). We set the dimensions of our boundary. The interesting thing to notice here is that we are setting only the height of the boundary because if we pass only the height of the boundary, the width will be will be calculated using the viewport aspect ratio. So it will fit in all the screen sizes without overflowing.

The above two functions are invoked when we hit the reset button. When the user is satisfied with the image and hits ‘looks good’ button, cropImage() function is called where we are get the resulting image by passing some custom options provided by croppie like base64 bit encoding and size of cropped image which we are set to ‘original’ here and the extension of image which is we set here as ‘.jpeg’. This function returns the image of desired format which we use to set profile image.

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Enhancing Images using Native functions in Phimpme Android

Enhancing the image can be performed by adjusting the brightness, contrast, saturation etc. of that image. In the Phimpme Android Image Application, we implemented many enhancement operations. All these image enhancement operations are performed by the native image processing functions.

An image is made up of color channels. A gray-scale image has a single channel, colored opaque image has three channels and colored image with transparency has four channels. Each color channel of an image represents a two dimensional matrix of integer values. An image of resolution 1920×1080 has 1920 elements in its row and 1080 such rows. The integer values present in the matrices will be ranging from 0 to 255. For a grayscale image there will be a single channel. So, for that image, 0 corresponds to black color and 255 corresponds to white color. By changing the value present in the matrices, the image can be modified.

The implementation of the enhancement functions in Phimpme Application are given below.

Brightness

Brightness adjustment is the easiest of the image processing functions in Phimpme. Brightness can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the values of all elements in all color channel matrices. Its implementation is given below.

void tuneBrightness(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i;
  unsigned int length = (*bitmap).width * (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green;
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  signed char bright = (signed char)(((float)(val-50)/100)*127);
  for (i = length; i--; ) {
       red[i] =  truncate(red[i]+bright);
       green[i] = truncate(green[i]+bright);
       blue[i] = truncate(blue[i]+bright);
  }
}

  

low brightness, normal, high brightness(in the order) images are shown above

For the above function, the argument val is given by the seekbar implemented in java activity. Its value ranges from 0 – 100, so a new variable is introduced to change the range of the input argument in the function. You can see that in the for loop there is function named truncate. As the name suggests it truncates the input argument’s value to accepted range. It is added to the top of the c file as below

#define truncate(x) ((x > 255) ? 255 : (x < 0) ? 0 : x)

Contrast

Contrast of an image is adjusted in Phimpme application by increasing the brightness of the brighter pixel and decreasing value of the darker pixel. This is achieved by using the following formula for the adjustment contrast in editor of phimpme application.

pixel[i] = {(259 x (C + 255))/(255 x (259 - C))} x (pixel[i] - 128)

In the above formula, C is the contrast value and pixel[i] is the value of the element in the image matrix that we are modifying for changing the contrast.

 

low contrast, normal, high contrast(in the order) images are shown above

So, after this formula for modifying every pixel value, the function looks like below

void tuneContrast(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i;
  unsigned int length = (*bitmap).width * (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green;
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  int contrast = (int)(((float)(val-50)/100)*255);
  float factor = (float)(259*(contrast + 255))/(255*(259-contrast));

  for (i = length; i--; ) {
       red[i] = truncate((int)(factor*(red[i]-128))+128);
       green[i] = truncate((int)(factor*(green[i]-128))+128);
       blue[i] = truncate((int)(factor*(blue[i]-128))+128);
  }
}

Hue

The below image explains hue shift by showing what happens when shift in hue takes place over time. The image with hue 0 looks identical with image with hue 360. Hue shift is cyclic. The definition and formulae corresponding hue is found in wikipedia page here. Using that formulae and converting them back, i.e we got rgb values from hue in Phimpme application. Its implementation is shown below.

[img source:wikipedia]

void tuneHue(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i;
  unsigned int length = (*bitmap).width * (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green;
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  double H = 3.6*val;
  double h_cos = cos(H*PI/180);
  double h_sin = sin(H*PI/180);
  double r,g,b;

  for (i = length; i--; ) {
       r = (double)red[i]/255;
       g = (double)green[i]/255;
       b = (double)blue[i]/255;
       red[i] = truncate((int)(255*((.299+.701*h_cos+.168*h_sin)*r +  (.587-.587*h_cos+.330*h_sin)*g + (.114-.114*h_cos-.497*h_sin)*b)));

       green[i] = truncate((int)(255*((.299-.299*h_cos-.328*h_sin)*r + (.587+.413*h_cos+.035*h_sin)*g + (.114-.114*h_cos+.292*h_sin)*b)));

       blue[i] = truncate((int)(255*((.299-.3*h_cos+1.25*h_sin)*r +  (.587-.588*h_cos-1.05*h_sin)*g + (.114+.886*h_cos-.203*h_sin)*b)));
  }
}

Saturation

Saturation is the colorfulness of the image. You can see the below null saturation, unmodified and high saturated images in the respective order. The technical definition and formulae for getting the saturation value from the rgb value is given in the wikipedia page here. In Phimpme application we used those formulae to get the rgb values from the saturation value.

Its implementation is given below.

  

low saturation, normal, high saturation(in the order) images are shown above

void tuneSaturation(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i;
  unsigned int length = (*bitmap).width * (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  double sat = 2*((double)val/100);
  double temp;
  double r_val = 0.299, g_val = 0.587, b_val = 0.114;
  double r,g,b;
  for (i = length; i--; ) {
      r = (double)red[i]/255;
      g = (double)green[i]/255;
      b = (double)blue[i]/255;
      temp = sqrt( r * r * r_val +
                     g * g * g_val +
                       b * b * b_val );
      red[i] = truncate((int)(255*(temp + (r - temp) * sat)));
      green[i] = truncate((int)(255*(temp + (g - temp) * sat)));
      blue[i] = truncate((int)(255*(temp + (b - temp) * sat)));
  }
}

Temperature

If the color temperature of the image is high, i.e the image with the warm temperature will be having more reds and less blues. For a cool temperature image reds are less and blues are more. So In Phimpme Application, we implemented this simply by adjusting the brightness of the red channel matrix and blue channel matrix as we did in brightness adjustment. We didn’t modify the green channel here.

  

low temperature, normal, high temperature(in the order) images are shown above

void tuneTemperature(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i;
  unsigned int length = (*bitmap).width * (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green;
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  int temperature = (int)1.5*(val-50);
  for (i = length; i--; ) {
       red[i] = truncate(red[i] + temperature);
       blue[i] = truncate(blue[i] - temperature);
  }
}

Tint

In Phimpme application, we adjusted the tint of an image in the same way of adjusting the temperature. But in this instead of modifying the red and blue channels, we modified the green channel of the image. An image with more tint will have a tone of magenta color and if it is decreased the image will have a greenish tone. The below shown code shows how we implemented this function in image editor of Phimpme application.

  

low tint, normal, high tint(in the order) images are shown above

void tuneTint(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i;
  unsigned int length = (*bitmap).width * (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green;
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  int tint = (int)(1.5*(val-50));

  for (i = length; i--; ) {
       green[i] = truncate(green[i] - tint);
  }
}

Vignette

Vignetting is the reduciton in the brightness of the image towards the edges than the center. It is applied to draw the attention of the viewer to the center of the image.

 

normal and vignetted images are shown above

For implementing vignette in Phimpme application, we reduced the brightness of the pixel corresponding to a radial gradient value which is generated based on the pixel’s distance from the corner and center. It’s function in Phimpme as is shown below.

double dist(int ax, int ay,int bx, int by){
   return sqrt(pow((double) (ax - bx), 2) + pow((double) (ay - by), 2));
}

void tuneVignette(Bitmap* bitmap, int val) {
  register unsigned int i,x,y;
  unsigned int width = (*bitmap).width, height = (*bitmap).height;
  unsigned int length = width * height;
  unsigned char* red = (*bitmap).red;
  unsigned char* green = (*bitmap).green;
  unsigned char* blue = (*bitmap).blue;
  double radius = 1.5-((double)val/100), power = 0.8;
  double cx = (double)width/2, cy = (double)height/2;
  double maxDis = radius * dist(0,0,cx,cy);
  double temp,temp_s;
   for (y = 0; y < height; y++){
       for (x = 0; x < width; x++ ) {
           temp = dist(cx, cy, x, y) / maxDis;
           temp = temp * power;
           temp_s = pow(cos(temp), 4);
           red[x+y*width] = truncate((int)(red[x+y*width]*temp_s));
           green[x+y*width] = truncate((int)(green[x+y*width]*temp_s));
           blue[x+y*width] = truncate((int)(blue[x+y*width]*temp_s));
       }
   }
}

All these above mentioned functions are called from main.c file by creating JNI functions corresponding to each. These JNI functions are further defined with proper name in Java and arguments are passed to it. If you are not clear with JNI, refer my previous posts.

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Iteration through the Android File System in the phimpme project

Android uses the single file system structure which has a single root. The task involved creating a custom folder chooser to whitelist folders while displaying images in the gallery in the Phimpme Photo App. The challenge arose in iterating over the files in the most efficient way. The best possible way to represent the file structure is in the form of tree data structure as given below.

Current Alternative

Currently, the MediaStore class contains metadata for all available media on both internal and external storage devices. Since it only returns a list of a particular media file format, it refrains the developer from customizing the structure in his way.

Implementation

Create a public class which represents the file tree. Since each subtree of the tree could itself be represented as file tree itself, therefore the parent of a node will be a FileTree object itself. Therefore declare a list of FileTree objects as children of the node, a FileTree object as the parent of the particular node, node’s own File object along with string values filepath and display name associated with it.

public class FileTree {
 public final String filepath;
 public final String displayName;
 public final List<FileTree> childFileTreeList = new ArrayList<>();
 public final FileTree parent;
 public boolean hasMedia = false;

 public FileTree(String filepath, String displayName, FileTree parent) {
    this.filepath = filepath;
    this.displayName = displayName;
    this.parent = parent;
 }
}

For iterating through the file system, we create a recursive function which is called on the root of the Android file system. If the particular file is a directory, with the help of Depth First traversal algorithm, the directory is traversed. Else, the file is added to the list of the file. The below code snippet is the recursive function.

public static void walkDir(FileTree fileTree, List<File> files) {
  File listFile[] = fileTree.file.listFiles();

  if (listFile != null) {
      for (File file : listFile) {
          if (file.isDirectory()) {
              FileTree childFileTree = new FileTree(file, file.getName(), fileTree);
              fileTree.childFileTreeList.add(childFileTree);
              walkDir(childFileTree, files);
          }
          else {
                  files.add(file);

          }
      }
  }
}

Conclusion

The android file system was used to whitelist folders so that the images of the folders could neither be uploaded nor edited.

For the complete guide to whitelisting folders, navigate here

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Native Functions for Performing Image Processing in Phimpme Android

In Android, image processing can be performed using Java or RenderScript or Native(C/C++). The performance of native code(C/C++) for image processing is much better than Java and RenderScript. So we used native code for image processing in the photo editor of the Phimpme image application. In this blog, I explain how image processing is performed in Phimpme Android.

Setting up build script for native code.

NDK helps us to develop Android applications using native languages like C and C++ so that heavy tasks can be performed in relatively less time. We can also use libraries built using C/C++ in Android application using this NDK. NDK can be downloaded using the SDK manager of Android Studio and can be set up following instructions in Android developers’ site.

After setting up the NDK, we will create a simple application involving native code and understand the flow of functions from Java to native.

The java files are present in app/src/main/java directory. Similarly, all the native files are present in app/src/main/jni directory.

So now let’s create necessary files in jni directory.

  • main.c – Native functions are added here
  • Android.mk and Application.mk – make files for building native code using ndkbuild.

Android.mk

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := main.c       // include the files that should be 
                                // built(.c, .cpp, .h)
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -llog
LOCAL_MODULE := modulename      //name of the module (custom)
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

Application.mk

APP_OPTIM := release
APP_ABI := all                    //architectures for which native lib
                               //has to be built(can be one or many. 
                               //should be separated by comma)
APP_PLATFORM := android-25 

Add these lines to app’s build.gradle for building native code along with the Gradle build.

externalNativeBuild {
   ndkBuild {
       path 'src/main/jni/Android.mk'
   }
}

The above lines in build.gradle will run Android.mk during the Gradle build.

When the Android.mk runs, it compiles all native code and generates modulename.so files in .externalNativeBuild/ndkBuild directory for all the mentioned architectures. This .so file for a particular architecture is a library containing all the native code compatible with that architecture.

So when this library(.so file) is statically imported into Java code, native code gets linked to Java and enables calling native functions directly from Java.

Importing native Library into Java

Static import of this library can be done by writing the below lines in your Java class.

static {
    System.loadLibrary("modulename");
}

Creating a native function and calling it from Java?

Unlike normal java code, where you call a function by its name, here in native Android development, the name of the native function is different from what you call it in java. To understand this clearly, let’s see an example of simple hello world application. Define the native function in Java and call it normally like any other function.

package org.fossasia.phimpme;

import 

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
   @Override
   public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);       
       textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);
       textView.setText(helloworld());
   }

    static {
        System.loadLibrary(“modulename”);
    }

     Public native String helloworld();
}

Here the definition of the native function is present in org.fossasia.phimpme package and MainActivity class. So the name of the function in the native file should be “Java_org_fossasia_phimpme_MainActivity_helloworld”.

It follows a general structure of concatenating these strings Java, package name, Class name, function name defined in Java and replacing all full stops(.) with underscores(_).

The first two arguments in native function are JNIEnv* and jobject. These are present always. For a zero argument definition of a function in Java, there will be these two arguments in the native function. If there are two arguments defined in Java, there will be two arguments additional to these two arguments in the native function. These help in passing data in and out of the native part.

Here’s an example of a native function to output a string to Java

main.c :

#include <jni.h>
jstring Java_org_fossasia_phimpme_MainActivity_helloworld  (JNIEnv * env, jobject obj){
    return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "Hello World from Native");
}

Now when you run this application, you see “Hello World from Native” displayed on the screen. I hope this post clears about the flow of the native functions and how to link them with Java.

References

https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/index.html

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Implementing UNDO and REDO in Image Editor of Phimpme Android

The main feature in any image editor application like Phimpme Android other than editing the image is the ability to revert the changes (UNDO) that are done and the ability to revert the reversion i.e reperform the changes (REDO).

In Phimpme Application, we implemented this by using an ArrayList of Bitmaps. We stored the copy of the image bitmap whenever the modification is done on it. This helped us to get back to the previous image when required. But there is a problem in this method. They method may produce OutOfMemory Error when storing the bitmap in ArrayList when memory gets full. So for dealing solving this in the Phimpme application, we added a try – catch block and when the out of memory exception is caught, we recycled and removed the initial modified image from list i.e the image of index 1 in ArrayList. Index 0 is the original image on which we are working on. When we recycled that image, it gives space for adding another image, So added the recent image at the end of the list.

addToUndoList() function is shown below.

private void addToUndoList() {
   try{
       recycleBitmapList(++currentShowingIndex);
       bitmapsForUndo.add(mainBitmap.copy(mainBitmap.getConfig(),true));
   }catch (OutOfMemoryError error){
       bitmapsForUndo.get(1).recycle();
       bitmapsForUndo.remove(1);
       bitmapsForUndo.add(mainBitmap.copy(mainBitmap.getConfig(),true));
   }
}

In the above function, bitmapsForUndo is ArrayList in which we added modified bitmaps in the editor of Phimpme application. mainBitmap is the image bitmap on which all modifications are being done in the editor. The sense of integer variable currentShowingIndex is clear from its name that it points to the index of the image that is currently getting shown.

Eg. Consider a case when you perform 5 edits on an image using Phimpme Editor, then 6 image bitmaps get stored in the ArrayList including the original image and currentShowingIndex will be 5. Now if you undo the steps twice the currentShowingIndex becomes 3. The bitmaps of the index 4 and 5 have not been removed from the ArrayList yet. So they will be useful if you want to redo the changes.

  

When you make an another edit, an image bitmap gets added at index 4 and that should be the last element of the ArrayList. But you see that there is a bitmap of index 5 making that the last element of the ArrayList, not the newly added one. So in order to achieve that, the elements present in the ArrayList whose index is greater than currentShowingIndex have to recycled and removed before adding a newly modified image bitmap to the ArrayList. The first line in the try block of the above functions is referring to the function that is going to implement this. That function’s implementation is given below

private void recycleBitmapList(int fromIndex){
   while (fromIndex < bitmapsForUndo.size()){
       bitmapsForUndo.get(fromIndex).recycle();
       bitmapsForUndo.remove(fromIndex);
   }
}

Removing the bitmap from the ArrayList doesn’t clear the memory. That bitmap has to be recycled before getting removed from the ArrayList which is performed in the above function of the Phimpme application’s image editor.  The above recycleBitmapList function recycles and removes the bitmaps which have an index greater than or equal to the index that is passed as an argument to that function.

This function should also be called in onDestroy function of android activity as

recycleBitmapList(0);

This recycles and removes the whole ArrayList.

As now the implementation of the creation and recycling of the ArrayList is done, we can use this ArrayList to create getter functions for the undo and redo bitmaps. When the getUndoBitmap() is called the currentShowingIndex should decrement by one if greater than zero. When getRedoBitmap() is called the currentShowingIndex has to be incremented by one until it gets equal to the index of the last element present in the array list.

These methods are shown below.

private Bitmap getUndoBitmap(){
   if (currentShowingIndex - 1 >= 0)
       currentShowingIndex -= 1;
   else currentShowingIndex = 0;

   return bitmapsForUndo
           .get(currentShowingIndex)
           .copy(bitmapsForUndo.get(currentShowingIndex).getConfig(), true);
}

private Bitmap getRedoBitmap(){
   if (currentShowingIndex + 1 <= bitmapsForUndo.size())
       currentShowingIndex += 1;
   else currentShowingIndex = bitmapsForUndo.size() - 1;

   return bitmapsForUndo
           .get(currentShowingIndex)
           .copy(bitmapsForUndo.get(currentShowingIndex).getConfig(), true);
}

Logic part is done by here. We integrated these getter functions to button click functions of Phimpme Image Editor. setButtonVisibility() is called whenever undo or redo is button is pressed. This function sets the enable state and visibility of the button i.e the undo button is visible and enabled only if undo is possible. So does for the redo button.

setButtonVisibility() is shown below.

private void setButtonsVisibility() {
   if (currentShowingIndex > 0) {
       undo.setColorFilter(Color.BLACK);
       undo.setEnabled(true);
   }else {
       undo.setColorFilter(Color.GRAY);
       undo.setEnabled(false);
   }

   if (currentShowingIndex + 1 < bitmapsForUndo.size()) {
       redo.setColorFilter(Color.BLACK);
       redo.setEnabled(true);
   }else {
       redo.setColorFilter(Color.GRAY);
       redo.setEnabled(false);
   }
}

The above function grays the button if it is in the disabled state and will be black when the enabled state conditions are satisfied.

Finally, the OnClick() function of the editor of Phimpme is shown below.

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
   switch (v.getId()){
       case R.id.edit_undo:
           onUndoPressed();
           break;
       case R.id.edit_redo:
           onRedoPressed();
           break;
   }
}

private void onUndoPressed() {
   if (mainBitmap != null) {
       if (!mainBitmap.isRecycled()) {
           mainBitmap.recycle();
       }
   }
   mainBitmap = getUndoBitmap();
   mainImage.setImageBitmap(mainBitmap);
   setButtonsVisibility();
}

private void onRedoPressed() {
   if (mainBitmap != null) {
       if (!mainBitmap.isRecycled()) {
           mainBitmap.recycle();
       }
   }
   mainBitmap = getRedoBitmap();
   mainImage.setImageBitmap(mainBitmap);
   setButtonsVisibility();
}

This shows how we implemented undo and redo in Image Editor of Phimpme Image Application.

Continue ReadingImplementing UNDO and REDO in Image Editor of Phimpme Android

Implementing a zoomable ImageView by Extending the Default ViewPager in Phimpme Android

When I was trying to give default gallery-like experience to the gallery of Phimpme Image Application, where you can zoom an image with pan and pinch controls along with the ability to navigate to another photo by swipe gestures, I faced a problem in which when the zoomed image is swiped expecting it to get panned, instead of that, the viewpager switched to another page.

This implementation of Viewpager with zoomable image in it might seem straightforward in the beginning but once you start implementing this in most common way i.e using default ViewPager for navigation between images and zooming libraries like TouchImageView, subsampling-scale-image-view or PhotoView for zooming the image with pinch and pan controls, you will notice that when you swipe left or right on the zoomed image, the pager navigates to other images instead of the zoomed image getting panned. The viewpager responds to the swipe event and causes page change and it doesn’t let zoomable view to respond to that event.

In the above screenshot, front image is zoomed and when we swipe left, instead of the image getting panned, it is switching to next page.

How to solve this?

As the problem is caused by the default ViewPager utilizing the swipe event without transferring it to child views, a custom viewpager can be created by extending default viewpager and having a touch intercept method which transfers the event to its child views. A sample implementation of this custom view pager which I used in the app is shown below.


public class CustomViewPager extends ViewPager {
    public CustomViewPager(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public CustomViewPager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
    {
        super(context,attrs);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        try {
            return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

Now we can replace normal viewpager with this custom view pager in image viewing activity and layout resource for that activity. The normal pager adapter which is used with default view pager can be used with this custom viewpager also. You can get a clear understanding of what I described here by having a look at the below implementation.

activity_imageview.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
   xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="match_parent">

   <package.name.path.to.CustomViewPager
       android:id="@+id/cviewpager"
       android:layout_width="match_parent"
       android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</RelativeLayout>

ImageViewActivity.java

public class ImageViewActivity extends Activity {
    CustomViewPager cViewPager;
    ArrayList<String> imageList;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_imageview);
        imageList = createList(); //some method for creating a list
        cViewPager = (CustomViewPager)findViewById(R.id.cviewpager);  
        mViewPager.setAdapter(new ImagePagerAdapter(imageList));
    }

    class ImagePagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter {
        ArrayList<String> imageList; 
        
        ImagePagerAdapter(ArrayList<String> imageList){
            this.imageList = imageList;
        }

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return (null != imageList) ? imageList.size() : 0;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) {
            return view == object;
        }

        @Override
        public View instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
            PhotoView photoView = new PhotoView(container.getContext());
            Glide.with(getContext())
                .load(UriFromFile(new File(imageList.get(position))))
                .asBitmap()
                .thumbnail(0.2f)
                .into(photoView);
            photoView.setMaximumScale(5.0F);
            photoView.setMediumScale(3.0F);
            container.addView(photoView, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
            return photoView;
        }

        @Override
         public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
             container.removeView((View) object);
         }
     }
}

In the above pager adapter, the PhotoView library is used for a zoomable view. The image is loaded into photoview using image caching library Glide. The pager adapter here takes a List of paths to images on the device as the input argument. A simple method for creating such list had been discussed in my first post.

Here you can see that the on swiping left the zoomed image got panned.

This method of implementing zoomable view in ViewPager is used many gallery applications. One among those applications is LeafPic. We are now integrating that into Phimpme Image Application.

References:

https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/view/ViewPager.html

https://developer.android.com/training/gestures/viewgroup.html

https://github.com/MikeOrtiz/TouchImageView

https://github.com/chrisbanes/PhotoView

 

Continue ReadingImplementing a zoomable ImageView by Extending the Default ViewPager in Phimpme Android

Adding Multiple Themes in Phimpme Android

In Phimpme-Android we decided to add a new feature that is providing multiple themes to the users. We have 3 types of themes in Phimpme Dark Theme, Light Theme and Amoled Theme. In this post, I am explaining how I added multiple themes support in phimpme android.

 Choose Theme in Phimpme Dialog

You need a Helper class that will store the data about the theme and all the colors related to a theme.

Before you begin you need to create a Helper class. In Phimpme I created a Helper class as ThemeHelper

public class ThemeHelper {

 public static final int DARK_THEME = 2;
 public static final int LIGHT_THEME = 1;
 public static final int AMOLED_THEME = 3;

 private PreferenceUtil SP;
 private Context context;

 private int baseTheme;
 private int primaryColor;
 private int accentColor;

 public ThemeHelper(Context context) {
  this.SP = PreferenceUtil.getInstance(context);
  this.context = context;
  updateTheme();
 }
}

Which contains all the basic method to get colors for textview, icon, toolbar, switch, imageview, background and app primary color.

Now you to provide user to select theme and it can be done using dialog box. Once the user selected any of the theme we have to update that theme and it can be done by following code :

 public void updateTheme(){
  this.primaryColor = SP.getInt(context.getString(R.string.preference_primary_color),
        getColor(R.color.md_light_blue_300));
  this.accentColor = SP.getInt(context.getString(R.string.preference_accent_color),
        getColor(R.color.md_light_blue_500));
  baseTheme = SP.getInt(context.getString(R.string.preference_base_theme), LIGHT_THEME);
 }

Now we have updated the our theme in Phimpme now we have to set the color according to a theme.

To get colors of all components we need to add some function in our helper class which will provide us the colors according to the theme.

As I said we are having 3 themes in Phimpme so I used 3 case to compare which theme user has selected.

I have added the functions to get colors for background, text and subtext as follows in phimpme.

public int getBackgroundColor(){
  int color;
  switch (baseTheme){
    case DARK_THEME:color = getColor(R.color.md_dark_background);break;
    case AMOLED_THEME:color = getColor(R.color.md_black_1000);break;
    case LIGHT_THEME:
    default:color = getColor(R.color.md_light_background);
  }
  return color;
 }



 public int getTextColor(){
  int color;
  switch (baseTheme){
    case DARK_THEME:color = getColor(R.color.md_grey_200);break;
    case AMOLED_THEME:color = getColor(R.color.md_grey_200);break;
    case LIGHT_THEME:
    default:color = getColor(R.color.md_grey_800);
  }
  return color;
 }

 public int getSubTextColor(){
  int color;
  switch (baseTheme){
    case DARK_THEME:color = getColor(R.color.md_grey_400);break;
    case AMOLED_THEME:color = getColor(R.color.md_grey_400);break;
    case LIGHT_THEME:
    default:color = getColor(R.color.md_grey_600);
  }
  return color;
 }

In the above functions, I am comparing which theme user has selected and returned the color according to the theme.

Now set the color to text by using above function you don’t need care which theme user has selected because those function will check and return the color according to the theme.

So it can be done simply,

textview.setTextColor(getTextColor());
editText.setTextColor(getTextColor());
editText.setHintTextColor(getSubTextColor());

                                     Light Theme &  Dark Theme (Phimpme)

Resources:

https://github.com/fossasia/phimpme-android/blob/development/app/src/main/java/org/fossasia/phimpme/leafpic/util/ThemeHelper.java

http://www.hidroh.com/2015/02/16/support-multiple-themes-android-app/

Continue ReadingAdding Multiple Themes in Phimpme Android

Preparing a release for Phimpme Android

Most of the essential features are now in a stable state in our Phimpme Android app. So we decided to release a beta version of the app. In FOSSASIA we follow branch policy where in development all current development will take place and in master branch the stable code resides.

Releasing an app is not just building an apk and submitting to the distribution platform, certain guidelines should follow.

How I prepare a released apk for Phimpme

List down the feature

We discussed on our public channel what features are now in stable state and can be released. Features such as account manager and Share Activity is excluded because it is not complete and in under development mode. We don’t want to show and under development feature. So excluded them. And made a list of available features in different category of Camera, Gallery and Share.

Follow the branch policy.

The releasable and stable codebase should be on master branch. It is good to follow the branch policy because it helps if we encounter any problem with the released apk. We can directly go to our master branch and check there. Development branch have very volatile because of active development going on.

Every Contributor’s contribution is important

When we browse our old branches such as master in case of ours. We see generally it is behind 100s of commits to the development. In case of that when we create a PR for that then it generally contains all the old commits to make the branch up to the latest.

In this case while opening and merging do not squash the commits.

Testing from Developer’s end

Testing is very essential part in development. Before releasing it is a good practice that Developer should test the app from their end. We tested app features in different devices with varying Android OS version and screen size.

  • If there is any compatibility issue, report it right away and there are several tools in Android to fix.
  • Support variety of devices and screen sizes

Changing package name, application ID

Package name, application ID are vitals of an app. Which uniquely identifies them as app in world. Like I changed the package name of Phimpme app to org.fossasia.phimpme. Check all the permission app required.

Create Release build type

Build types are great to way categorize the apps. Debug and Release are two. There are various things in codebase which we want only in Debug modes. So when we create Release mode it neglect that part of the code.

Add build types in you application build.gradle

buildTypes {
   release {
       minifyEnabled false
   }

Rebuild app again and verify from the left tab bar

Generate Signed apk and Create keystore (.jks) file

Navigate to Build → Generate Signed APK

Fill all details and proceed further to generate the signed apk in your home directory.

Adding Signing configurations in build.gradle

Copy the keystore (.jks) file to the root of the project and add signing configurations

signingConfigs {
       config {
           keyAlias 'phimpme'
           keyPassword 'phimpme'
           storeFile file('../org.fossasia.phimpme.jks')
           storePassword 'XXXXXXX'
       }
   }

InstallRelease Gradle task

Navigate to the right sidebar of Android Studio click on Gradle


Click on installRelease to install the released apk. It take all the credentials from the signing configurations.

Resources

Continue ReadingPreparing a release for Phimpme Android

Adding Stickers Feature on Phimpme Android App with ViewFlipper and Scrollview

For any image editing application stickers play an important role in editing an image. Phimpme is no different. There can be many different kinds of stickers. As Phimpme is an Open Source application. The user can add their own stickers to be implemented on Phimpme. But this gives a long and non-exhaustive list of stickers that the user has to go through. Sorting the stickers into different categories is one way of doing it. It provides quick access to the desired sticker a user wants to add to her or his photo. In order to achieve this, I am using ViewFlipper and Scrollview.

Categorizing the types of Stickers.

How it is done in Phimpme?

Currently, there are six different categories for stickers. Namely: Facial, Hearts, Objects, Comments, Wishes, Animals. The following code is used to store the category name:

public static final String[] stickerPath = {"stickers/type1", "stickers/type2", "stickers/type3", "stickers/type4", "stickers/type5", "stickers/type6"};
public static final String[] stickerPathName = {"Facial", "Hearts", "Objects", "Comments", "Wishes", "Animals"};

 

We need to populate the sticker fragment with the different categories. This is done by overriding onBinderHolder() function and using ImageHolder to handle onClickListener.

private ImageClick mImageClick = new ImageClick();

Getting the position of the stickerPathName and setting it in stickerFragment.

@Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        ImageHolder imageHoler = (ImageHolder) holder;
        String name = stickerPathName[position];
        imageHoler.text.setText(name);
        imageHoler.text.setTag(stickerPath[position]);
        imageHoler.text.setOnClickListener(mImageClick);
    }

 

Adding Stickers to the different categories.

Now that we have different categories, we can assign different types of stickers to specific categories.

We are using RecyclerView.Adapter<ViewHolder>, which implements onCreateViewHolder() method. onCreateViewHolder method is created every time we need a new view, hence RecyclerView comes handy in such situation rather than a normal list.

First, we need to define the xml file where each sticker will be displayed in the form of ImageView. This ImageView has specific maxHeight and maxWidth for a uniform view.

The xml file name is: view_sticker_item.xml

<ImageView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/img"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:maxHeight="50dp"
    android:maxWidth="50dp"
    android:paddingLeft="5dp"
    android:paddingRight="5dp"
    android:scaleType="centerInside" />


After we set up view_sticker_item.xml, we have to inflate it.

@Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewtype) {
        View v = null;
        v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(
                R.layout.view_sticker_item, parent, false);
        ImageHolder holder = new ImageHolder(v);
        return holder;
    }

 

I have saved all the images in the assets folder and distributed it among type1, type2, type3, type4, type5 and type6.

One thing is to be kept in mind that the images should be in png format. PNG format images are only pixelated on the required areas. So that it does not hamper the background of the image.

Displaying stickers

Displaying sticker are done by overriding onBindViewHolder again. It accepts two parameters: ViewHolder holder and int position. ImageHolder is used to set the image of the sticker and then handling it by onClickListner().

@Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        ImageHolder imageHoler = (ImageHolder) holder;
        String path = pathList.get(position);
        ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage("assets://" + path,
                imageHoler.image, imageOption);
        imageHoler.image.setTag(path);
        imageHoler.image.setOnClickListener(mImageClick);
    }

 

public void addStickerImages(String folderPath) {
        pathList.clear();
        try {
            String[] files = mStirckerFragment.getActivity().getAssets()
                    .list(folderPath);
            for (String name : files) {
                pathList.add(folderPath + File.separator + name);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        this.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

 

So sticker fragment on Phimpme looks like this:  

                                        

Link:

https://github.com/fossasia/phimpme-android

Resources

 

Continue ReadingAdding Stickers Feature on Phimpme Android App with ViewFlipper and Scrollview

Adding Twitter Integration with MVP Architecture in Phimpme Android

The Account manager layout part of Phimpme is set. Now we need to start adding different account to make it functional. We first start with twitter. Twitter functionality is integrated with the help of Twitter Kit provided by Twitter itself. We followed the steps provided on the installation guide.

Note: Before Starting this first go to apps.twitter.com and create new app, add the relevant information such as name, description, URL etc.

How twitter works in Phimpme

A dialog box appear when user selected the add account option in Account manager. Select Twitter option from it.

Twitter guides to use custom TwitterLoginButton for sign in. But as we are using a common dialog box. How to initiate login from there?

Using TwitterAuthClient

Twitter Auth Client invoke the Twitter callback and popup the login window. On authorized the correct user it goes inside the onSuccess method and start a Twitter session which helps us to get the information which we want to store in database such as username, access token.

client.authorize(getActivity(), new Callback<TwitterSession>() {
   @Override
   public void success(Result<TwitterSession> result) {

       // Creating twitter session, after user authenticate
       // in twitter popup
       TwitterSession session = TwitterCore.getInstance()
               .getSessionManager().getActiveSession();
       TwitterAuthToken authToken = session.getAuthToken();


       // Writing values in Realm database
       account.setUsername(session.getUserName());
       account.setToken(String.valueOf(session.getAuthToken()));

   }

Working with MVP architecture to show Twitter data to User in a recyclerView

Finally after successful login from Twitter, we also need to show user that you are successfully logged in Phimpme app and also provide a sign out feature so that user can logout from Twitter anytime.

Account manager has a recyclerView which takes data from the database and show it to the User.

Steps:

class AccountContract {
   internal interface View : MvpView{

       /**
        * Setting up the recyclerView. The layout manager, decorator etc.
        */
       fun setUpRecyclerView()

       /**
        * Account Presenter calls this function after taking data from Database Helper Class
        */
       fun setUpAdapter(accountDetails: RealmResults<AccountDatabase>)

       /**
        * Shows the error log
        */
       fun showError()
   }

   internal interface Presenter {

       /**
        * function to load data from database, using Database Helper class
        */
       fun loadFromDatabase()

       /**
        * setting up the recyclerView adapter from here
        */
       fun handleResults(accountDetails: RealmResults<AccountDatabase>)
   }
}

This class clearly show what functions are in View and what are in Presenter. The View interface extended to MvpView which actually holds some common functions such as onComplete()

  • Implement View interface in AccountActivity

class AccountActivity : ThemedActivity(), AccountContract.View

And perform all the action which are happening on the View such as setting up the RecyclerView

override fun setUpRecyclerView() {
   val layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)
   accountsRecyclerView!!.setLayoutManager(layoutManager)
   accountsRecyclerView!!.setAdapter(accountAdapter)
}
  • Main Business Logic should not be in Activity class

That’s why using MVP we have very less number of lines of code in our Main Activity because it separate the work on different zones which help developer to easily work, maintain and other user to contribute.

So like in our case I need to update the RecyclerView adapter by taking data from database. That work should not be in activity that’s why I create a class AccountPresenter and extend this to our Presenter interface in contract class

class AccountPresenter extends BasePresenter<AccountContract.View>
       implements AccountContract.Presenter

I added the function which take care of loading data from database

@Override
public void loadFromDatabase() {
   handleResults(databaseHelper.fetchAccountDetails());
}
  • Always consider the future and keep an eye for future development

Right now I not need to do alot on Database, I just need to pick the whole data and show it on View. But I need to take case of future development in this part as well. There might be more complex operation on Database in future, then it will create complexity in the codebase, if it is not architectured well.

So, I created a DatabaseHelper class which takes care of all the database operations, the advantage of this is, anyone who have to contribute in Database part or debugging the databse need not to search for every activity and scroll lines of code, the work will be in DatabaseHelper for sure.

Added DatabaseHelper in data package

public class DatabaseHelper {

   private Realm realm;

   public DatabaseHelper(Realm realm) {
       this.realm = realm;
   }

   public RealmResults<AccountDatabase> fetchAccountDetails(){
       return realm.where(AccountDatabase.class).findAll();
   }

   public void deleteSignedOutAccount(String accountName){
       final RealmResults<AccountDatabase> deletionQueryResult =  realm.where(AccountDatabase.class)
               .equalTo("name", accountName).findAll();

       realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() {
           @Override
           public void execute(Realm realm) {
               deletionQueryResult.deleteAllFromRealm();
           }
       });
   }
}

Flow Diagram:

Browse the Phimpme GitHub Repository for complete illustration.

Resources

  1. Twitter KIt overview : https://dev.twitter.com/twitterkit/android/overview
  2. Login with Twitter: https://dev.twitter.com/twitterkit/android/log-in-with-twitter
  3. MVP Architecture by Ribot: https://github.com/ribot/android-boilerplate

 

Continue ReadingAdding Twitter Integration with MVP Architecture in Phimpme Android